China imposes restrictions on fentanyl chemicals after pressure from US

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China is to impose controls on the production of critical chemicals for the manufacture of fentanyl, in a sign of rising co-operation between Beijing and Washington over efforts to crack down on the deadly synthetic opioid.

The Biden administration on Tuesday said China would impose regulations and controls on three essential chemicals used in fentanyl from September.

The move — a process known as “scheduling” — marks the first time China will impose restrictions on the production of ingredients for the drug in six years.

The White House said it was a “valuable step forward” that followed a meeting between senior US and Chinese officials in Washington last week.

Washington has been pressing Beijing for several years to crack down on the production of ingredients used in fentanyl, which it estimates claimed the lives of almost 75,000 Americans in 2023.

US officials say the illicit drug has become the leading cause of death for Americans between the ages of 18 and 45.

The enhanced US-China co-operation stems from an agreement reached between President Joe Biden and President Xi Jinping at a summit in San Francisco in November 2023.

The two leaders agreed to create a working group to tackle the fentanyl issue as part of an effort to stabilise turbulent relations between the two powers.

In 2019, China took measures to stem exports of fentanyl to the US, causing Chinese groups to shift their focus to making the chemicals needed to produce the drug. They have been sending the chemicals to cartels in Mexico which produce fentanyl for distribution in the US market.

In a statement, the Chinese government said it would subject three chemical ingredients — 4-AP, 1-boc-4-AP, and Norfentanyl — to controls from September 1.

“China has always attached great importance to international counter-narcotics co-operation and is willing to co-operate with countries worldwide including the United States,” said Liu Pengyu, the Chinese embassy spokesperson in Washington. “We hope that the US side can work with China in the same direction, and continue our co-operation based on mutual respect, managing differences, and mutual benefits.”

UN member states in 2022 agreed to impose international controls on the same chemicals, but China had until now not subject them to corresponding domestic controls.

Congress has become increasingly vocal in its criticism of China over the fentanyl crisis.

In a report in April, the House China committee blamed Beijing for the fentanyl epidemic and accused it of creating programmes to reward companies for exporting fentanyl and other illegal drugs to the US. The Chinese government has rejected the accusation.

Fentanyl is expected to be a significant election issue as vice-president Kamala Harris and former president Donald Trump battle for the White House.

According to a Morning Consult/Bloomberg poll earlier this year, 44 per cent of respondents said the approach to the drug was a “very important” in deciding who they would vote for in November.

The Biden administration last week urged Congress to pass legislation that would designate fentanyl-related substances as “Schedule I” drugs — which have no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse — that would lead to higher penalties for distribution and possession.